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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT EAMES, vOF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

DIE FOR SXVAG-ING- BOLT-HEADS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 25,001, dated August 9, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT EAMES, of Bridgeport, in the State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dies for Swaging Bolt- I-Ieads and other Like Articles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which Figure l, is a face View of a drop with my improved die; Fig. 2, a like view of the opposite surface; and Fig. 3 a section taken in the plane of the axis of the die.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

So far as I am informed it has heretofore been the general practice to form dies for swaging the heads of bolts by cutting out of a solid block of metal a cavity of the form of the bolt heads intended to be produced therein; but this has been attended with serious diiiiculties for the reason that it is very diflicult, laborious and expensive to'cut out such forms from a solid block of metal, and in consequence the angles in such cavities have been rarely made sharp; but the most serious ditliculty is found in the use of such dies. Then the bolt head approaches the desired form it necessarily fits the aperture of the die closely and thus confines air within the die which prevents the metal from going into and taking the form of the angles at the bottom of the cavity of the die. I avoid these diiiiculties by making the die in two or more parts, one part in the tubular rform, that is without a bottom, so that the required form can be .readily given to that part which is to give form to the sides of the head, the metal beyond the intended length of the bolt heads to be formed being bored out of a greater diameter. And to this enlarged bore I accurately fit the other part of the die which is a cylindrical plug' one end of which when inserted, forms the bottom of the cavity of the die to give the required form to the top of the bolt heads; and I also cut or otherwiseform longitudinal grooves in the periphery of this cylindrical plug so that when inserted in the bore of the first part of the die these grooves shall form a series of holes for the passage of air which escapes from the cavity of the die.

In the accompanying drawings (a) represents a block of metal of the required form and construction for what is known as a drop in swaging machinery. To this drop is accurately fitted the first part (b) of the die (c) which is formed of a block of steel, which I bore out of a diameter about equal to the smallest diameter of the intended bolt heads, and to a depth equal to the intended length of the bolt heads, and the residue of the length of this block I bore out from the opposite end of a diameter a little greater than the greatest diameter of the intended bolt heads to form a cylindrical bore (d) and then by any suitable means I out out the final form of the inner periphery of the die as represented at (c), or any other form desired, which can be readily done as there is no bottom to obstruct the tools employed for this purpose. To the large bore (d) I accurately fit a cylindrical steel plug (c) so that when inserted to the full length of this Kbore the end (f) shall form the bottom of the die to give the required form to the top of the bolt heads. I cut, or otherwise form, a series of longitudinal grooves (g) in the periphery of this cylindrical plug, so that when inserted in the bore (CZ) these grooves shall form a series of air passages for the free escape of air which will be forced out from the bottom of the die between the end v(7') of the said plug' and the bottom of the lakrge bore (d) in the block (o).

Vhen the drop is secured in the usual manner with the face of the die downward the plug (c) will be firmly held in place in the block (b), and the block (b) in like manner within the drop. In this way it will be seen that the block of steel (b), which forms the periphery of the die, will be firmly hooped or bound in, and sustained by the solid block of iron constituting the drop so as to enable it to resist, without breaking all the strain consequent upon the operation of swaging; and the air which would b-e otherwise confined within the die is permitted to escape so that by the swaging operation the metal can be forced into and assume the angular form of the bottom of the die, without danger of injury to the surface such as would result if air holes were made directly in the bottom of the die, or in the sides, as in the former case teats would be formed on the surface of the bolt heads, and in the latter the metal would spread and enter the cavities, so that the bolt could not be drawn out of the die. I am thus enabled to obtain all these advantages and at the same time to produce such dies at much less expense than heretofore. And although I have above described a die such as would be required for swaging bolt heads, it Will be obvious that the :t'orm may be greatly changed, and that the same principle is applicable to the swaging of many other articles.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. Making dies, for swaging bolt heads and other articles in two or more parts, the part forming the bottom being fitted to, and

} in the part forming the periphery substantlally as described, and the Whole fitted to and secured Within the drop, or equivalent therefor as set forth. v

2. And I also claim in combination with the die, the bottom of Which is made separate from and inserted in the part forming the perlphery, grooving the periphery of the part forming the bottom, for the escape of air7 substantially as described.

ALBERT EAMES. Witnesses:

WM. I-I. BISHOP, ANDREW DE LACEY. 

